TY  - CONF
AU  - Savić, Slađana D.
AU  - Kovačević, Vesna V.
AU  - Sretenović, Goran
AU  - Obradović, Bratislav
AU  - Roglić, Goran
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://ebooks.uni-lj.si/ZalozbaUL/catalog/book/376
UR  - http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5789
AB  - Pharmaceuticals represent a considerable threat when they reach the environment. Propranolol (PRP), designed to be a biologically active compound, is a widely used beta-blocker prescribed for heart-related diseases. Due to its frequent use, PRP is detected in numerous aquatic environments and organisms. To completely remove pharmaceuticals such as PRP, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are often employed, like ozone, or electrochemical oxidation. Recently, the non-thermal plasma treatment has gained interest for water purification, due to in situ production of reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals. 
The aim of this paper was to investigate plasma treatment for PRP removal from water. To achieve that, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal reactor was used. This DBD reactor was already tested for degradation of different organic compounds. In this study, PRO solution (100 mg/dm3) was recirculated through the DBD reactor, while plasma was generated using ambient air and argon. The PRP degradation rate was monitored on HPLC-DAD, and the specific energy density (SED) was used to compare plasma effects on PRP degradation. SED was calculated by dividing the power (kept at 35 W and multiplied by the number of cycles of treatment) by the flow rate (held constant at 7.5 dm3/h).
The single most striking observation is that pure argon contributes to faster PRP degradation. Namely, at 75 kJ/dm3, there was less than 5% of PRP left when treated with Ar non-thermal plasma, while only around 35% was achieved at the same point with ambient air. 
As for the degradation products, several compounds were identified (P326, P308, P292, P266, and P134). Interestingly, all compounds were spotted in air-treated PRP solution, but P326 and P308 were not found in samples treated by Ar-generated plasma. 
In summary, both decomposition rate experiments and detected degradation compounds imply that Ar may be a better plasma gas for PRP treatment. A possible explanation is a fact that reactive oxygen species in air plasma are partly consumed to generate reactive nitrogen species, while there is no such phenomenon in Ar-plasma. 
The study confirmed that the non-thermal plasma treatment can be considered promising due to effective and rapid degradation of waterborne organic pollutants, with no catalysts added.
PB  - University of Ljubljana Press
C3  - 22nd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Book of Abstracts, 5 – 8 December 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia
T1  - Propranolol Degradation Products after Non-thermal Plasma Treatment using Coaxial DBD Reactor
IS  - 22
SP  - 73
EP  - 73
DO  - 10.55295/9789612970352
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Savić, Slađana D. and Kovačević, Vesna V. and Sretenović, Goran and Obradović, Bratislav and Roglić, Goran",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Pharmaceuticals represent a considerable threat when they reach the environment. Propranolol (PRP), designed to be a biologically active compound, is a widely used beta-blocker prescribed for heart-related diseases. Due to its frequent use, PRP is detected in numerous aquatic environments and organisms. To completely remove pharmaceuticals such as PRP, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are often employed, like ozone, or electrochemical oxidation. Recently, the non-thermal plasma treatment has gained interest for water purification, due to in situ production of reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals. 
The aim of this paper was to investigate plasma treatment for PRP removal from water. To achieve that, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal reactor was used. This DBD reactor was already tested for degradation of different organic compounds. In this study, PRO solution (100 mg/dm3) was recirculated through the DBD reactor, while plasma was generated using ambient air and argon. The PRP degradation rate was monitored on HPLC-DAD, and the specific energy density (SED) was used to compare plasma effects on PRP degradation. SED was calculated by dividing the power (kept at 35 W and multiplied by the number of cycles of treatment) by the flow rate (held constant at 7.5 dm3/h).
The single most striking observation is that pure argon contributes to faster PRP degradation. Namely, at 75 kJ/dm3, there was less than 5% of PRP left when treated with Ar non-thermal plasma, while only around 35% was achieved at the same point with ambient air. 
As for the degradation products, several compounds were identified (P326, P308, P292, P266, and P134). Interestingly, all compounds were spotted in air-treated PRP solution, but P326 and P308 were not found in samples treated by Ar-generated plasma. 
In summary, both decomposition rate experiments and detected degradation compounds imply that Ar may be a better plasma gas for PRP treatment. A possible explanation is a fact that reactive oxygen species in air plasma are partly consumed to generate reactive nitrogen species, while there is no such phenomenon in Ar-plasma. 
The study confirmed that the non-thermal plasma treatment can be considered promising due to effective and rapid degradation of waterborne organic pollutants, with no catalysts added.",
publisher = "University of Ljubljana Press",
journal = "22nd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Book of Abstracts, 5 – 8 December 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia",
title = "Propranolol Degradation Products after Non-thermal Plasma Treatment using Coaxial DBD Reactor",
number = "22",
pages = "73-73",
doi = "10.55295/9789612970352"
}

Savić, S. D., Kovačević, V. V., Sretenović, G., Obradović, B.,& Roglić, G.. (2022). Propranolol Degradation Products after Non-thermal Plasma Treatment using Coaxial DBD Reactor. in 22nd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Book of Abstracts, 5 – 8 December 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana Press.(22), 73-73.
https://doi.org/10.55295/9789612970352

Savić SD, Kovačević VV, Sretenović G, Obradović B, Roglić G. Propranolol Degradation Products after Non-thermal Plasma Treatment using Coaxial DBD Reactor. in 22nd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Book of Abstracts, 5 – 8 December 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia. 2022;(22):73-73.
doi:10.55295/9789612970352 .

Savić, Slađana D., Kovačević, Vesna V., Sretenović, Goran, Obradović, Bratislav, Roglić, Goran, "Propranolol Degradation Products after Non-thermal Plasma Treatment using Coaxial DBD Reactor" in 22nd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Book of Abstracts, 5 – 8 December 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia, no. 22 (2022):73-73,
https://doi.org/10.55295/9789612970352 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Savić, Slađana D.
AU  - Kovačević, Vesna V.
AU  - Sretenović, Goran B.
AU  - Obradović, Bratislav M.
AU  - Roglić, Goran
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5689
AB  - Propranolol (PRO) is a beta-blocker that is readily detected in surface water and hospital wastewater. This pharmaceutical poses a danger for aquatic animals because it is commonly prescribed for heart diseases and anxiety issues. Advanced oxidation processes are commonly tested for the decomposition of pharmaceuticals because they produce various reactive species at room conditions.
A liquid-falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was used for the treatment of a PRO solution, with no catalysts added. A coaxial construction, accompanied by a peristaltic pump, enables the recirculation of the treated liquid. Ambient air was selected as a feed-gas for nonthermal plasma generation under three levels of power dissipated in plasma. Direct contact of liquid film with plasma in this coaxial reactor enables the efficient transfer of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in plasma to the liquid phase. 
The degradation rate of PRO, pH value, and conductivity were monitored after every cycle of treatment of PRO solution (100 mg/dm3), and in the presence of scavengers (t-butanol and p-benzoquinone). The PRO concentration was monitored by HPLC-DAD, at 213 nm.
As expected, the highest applied power (60 W) contributed to the highest degradation rate (100%). At the same time, in these extreme conditions, pH values dropped from 6 to 2.5 and conductivity increased from 20 µS/cm to almost 1450 µS/cm in the tenth cycle of plasma treatment. Moreover, a high power yielded an excessive decontamination level, but also in the grand production of nitric acid.
On the other hand, lower values of power lead to less successful endpoints, over 85% and less than 60% of degraded PRO when 35 W and 15 W were applied, respectively. Accordingly, under these conditions, the total production of ions was less intensive. The maximum conductivity value was less than 500 µS/cm for PRO treated with plasma generated by 35 W of power, and under 130 µS/cm for 15 W.
To elude the exact role of reactive species, a pair of scavengers were added to a PRO solution. Both t-butanol and p-benzoquinone cut down the degradation efficiency to roughly 50%, which is 35% less than without scavengers. This result indicates an important role of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals in air¬-generated nonthermal plasma.
Advanced oxidation using this type of nonthermal plasma reactor enables the production of active species in situ while working in ambient conditions. The effectiveness of plasma treatment was confirmed with the degradation of propranolol, as a model compound for common waterborne pharmaceuticals.
PB  - Serbian Chemical Society
C3  - Book of Abstracts 21st; European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry
T1  - The effect of power on the degradation of propranolol by nonthermal plasma reactor
SP  - 43
EP  - 43
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5689
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Savić, Slađana D. and Kovačević, Vesna V. and Sretenović, Goran B. and Obradović, Bratislav M. and Roglić, Goran",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Propranolol (PRO) is a beta-blocker that is readily detected in surface water and hospital wastewater. This pharmaceutical poses a danger for aquatic animals because it is commonly prescribed for heart diseases and anxiety issues. Advanced oxidation processes are commonly tested for the decomposition of pharmaceuticals because they produce various reactive species at room conditions.
A liquid-falling film dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was used for the treatment of a PRO solution, with no catalysts added. A coaxial construction, accompanied by a peristaltic pump, enables the recirculation of the treated liquid. Ambient air was selected as a feed-gas for nonthermal plasma generation under three levels of power dissipated in plasma. Direct contact of liquid film with plasma in this coaxial reactor enables the efficient transfer of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in plasma to the liquid phase. 
The degradation rate of PRO, pH value, and conductivity were monitored after every cycle of treatment of PRO solution (100 mg/dm3), and in the presence of scavengers (t-butanol and p-benzoquinone). The PRO concentration was monitored by HPLC-DAD, at 213 nm.
As expected, the highest applied power (60 W) contributed to the highest degradation rate (100%). At the same time, in these extreme conditions, pH values dropped from 6 to 2.5 and conductivity increased from 20 µS/cm to almost 1450 µS/cm in the tenth cycle of plasma treatment. Moreover, a high power yielded an excessive decontamination level, but also in the grand production of nitric acid.
On the other hand, lower values of power lead to less successful endpoints, over 85% and less than 60% of degraded PRO when 35 W and 15 W were applied, respectively. Accordingly, under these conditions, the total production of ions was less intensive. The maximum conductivity value was less than 500 µS/cm for PRO treated with plasma generated by 35 W of power, and under 130 µS/cm for 15 W.
To elude the exact role of reactive species, a pair of scavengers were added to a PRO solution. Both t-butanol and p-benzoquinone cut down the degradation efficiency to roughly 50%, which is 35% less than without scavengers. This result indicates an important role of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals in air¬-generated nonthermal plasma.
Advanced oxidation using this type of nonthermal plasma reactor enables the production of active species in situ while working in ambient conditions. The effectiveness of plasma treatment was confirmed with the degradation of propranolol, as a model compound for common waterborne pharmaceuticals.",
publisher = "Serbian Chemical Society",
journal = "Book of Abstracts 21st; European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry",
title = "The effect of power on the degradation of propranolol by nonthermal plasma reactor",
pages = "43-43",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5689"
}

Savić, S. D., Kovačević, V. V., Sretenović, G. B., Obradović, B. M.,& Roglić, G.. (2021). The effect of power on the degradation of propranolol by nonthermal plasma reactor. in Book of Abstracts 21st; European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry
Serbian Chemical Society., 43-43.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5689

Savić SD, Kovačević VV, Sretenović GB, Obradović BM, Roglić G. The effect of power on the degradation of propranolol by nonthermal plasma reactor. in Book of Abstracts 21st; European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry. 2021;:43-43.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5689 .

Savić, Slađana D., Kovačević, Vesna V., Sretenović, Goran B., Obradović, Bratislav M., Roglić, Goran, "The effect of power on the degradation of propranolol by nonthermal plasma reactor" in Book of Abstracts 21st; European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry (2021):43-43,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5689 .