@phdthesis{
author = "Samelak, Ivan",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Cilj istraživanja u okviru ove doktorske disertacije je da se korišćenjem bioloških markera, n-alkana i policikličnih ugljovodonika tipa sterana i terpana rasvetle izvori zagađenja naftnom zagađujućom supstancom u životnoj sredini na primeru interakcije između rečnih i priobalnih sedimenata (zemljišta). Analizirani su uzorci rečnih i uzorci priobalnih sedimenata iz rečnog i priobalnog područja reke Vrbas, na području grada Banja Luka (Bosna i Heregovina). Alkanska frakcija izolovanih ekstrakata pokazuje bimodalnu raspodelu n-alkana. Niži homolozi dominiraju u rečnim sedimentima sa maksimumima na C15, dok u priobalnim sedimentima dominiraju viši n-alkani, sa maksimumima na C29 odnosno C31. Više koncentracije sterana i terpana sa naftnom raspodelom dominiraju u rečnim sedimentima (u odnosu na priobalne), što je dokaz da niži n-alkani pripadaju naftnim izvorima. Više koncentracije ugljovodonika u rečnim sedimentima u poređenju sa priobalnim sedimentima, dodatno potvrđuju ovu činjenicu. Isto tako, ovo zapažanje daje dokaz o naftnom zagađenju u samom rečnom toku, kao i o njegovoj migraciji u priobalne sedimente.Mnogi izvori zagađenja su teško prepoznatljivi, jer se zagađujuće supstance prenose na velike razdaljine u složenim sredinama. Posebno su mehanizmi naftne migracije u sedimentima slabo poznati. U drugom delu istraživanja proučavana su uzorci dva sedimenta iz pojasa kruga gradske toplane i tri sedimenta smeštena na udaljenosti od približno 100, 200 i 300 m od uzoraka iz toplane u smeru toka reke Vrbas. Iz ovih uzoraka su izolovani zasićeni ugljovodonici i određen je grupni sastav hromatografijom na koloni. n-Alkani, terpani i sterani su analizirani gasno hromatografskom-maseno spektrometrijskom (GC-MS) tehnikom. Rezultati su pokazali da se količina nižih n-alkana povećava tokom migracije, što ukazuje na migracioni mehanizam. Rezultati sterana otkrivaju geohromatografsku migraciju nafte, gde stereoizomeri koji se najbrže eluiraju pokazuju najduži put migracije. Promene u distribuciji bioloških markera posledica su migracije naftnog polutanta pomoću vode., The aim of the research within this doctoral dissertation, on the example of interaction between river and coastal sediments, an attempt was made to contribute to the use of biological markers, n-alkanes, and polycyclic alkanes of sterane and terpane type, in assessing the source of oil pollutants in the environment. Samples of river sediments of the river Vrbas and samples of near coastal sediments (soils), in the part of the river that belongs to the city of Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) were investigated. In the alkane fractions of isolated extracts, bimodal distribution of the n-alkanes was identified. The lower homologues dominated in the river sediments with maximum at C15, but the higher n-alkanes dominated in the soils samples, with maximum at n-C29 or at n-C31. The higher concentration of steranes and terpanes with oil type distributions in the river sediments (compared to the coastal sediments) represents evidence that lower n-alkanes originate from the oil sources. The higher content of total hydrocarbons in the river sediments when compared to the coastal sediments, further confirms this conclusion. At the same time, these fundamental considerations provide evidence that oil pollution occurred in the water flow and then oil pollutants migrated towards the coastline.Many pollution sources are difficult to identify because pollutants are transported far away into complex environments. In particular, the mechanisms of petroleum migration in sediments are poorly known. Here, we studied samples from two sediments from the circuit of a heating plant and samles from three sediments located at 100, 200 and 300 m away from the plant. Saturated hydrocarbons were isolated and group composition was determined by column chromatography. n-Alkanes, terpanes and steranes were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results show that the amount of short n-alkanes increases during migration, which indicates the migration mechanism. Results on steranes reveal a geochromatographic migration of the oil, where the fastest eluting stereoisomers display the longest migration path. Changes in the distribution of biological markers are explained by migration in water.",
publisher = "Универзитет у Београду, Хемијски факултет",
journal = "Универзитет у Београду",
title = "Organskogeohemijski pristup u identifikaciji i praćenju sudbine zagađujućih supstanci naftnog tipa u rečnim sedimentima na modelu reke Vrbas (Banja Luka)",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_17802"
}
