TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5501
AB  - Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Science
T1  - An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements
VL  - 10
SP  - 909858
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sakan, Sanja M. and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana S.",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.",
journal = "Frontiers in Environmental Science",
title = "An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements",
volume = "10",
pages = "909858",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858"
}

Sakan, S. M., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A., Škrivanj, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S.,& Đorđević, D. S.. (2022). An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. in Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 909858.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858

Sakan SM, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević DS. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. in Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2022;10:909858.
doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858 .

Sakan, Sanja M., Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana S., "An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements" in Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10 (2022):909858,
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858 . .

TY  - DATA
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5501
UR  - http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5503
AB  - Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Science
T1  - Supplementary information for the article: Sakan, S.; Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.; Škrivanj, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2022, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858.
VL  - 10
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5503
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Sakan, Sanja M. and Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra and Škrivanj, Sandra and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana S.",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Increasing pollutant levels in surface water are a very important problem in developing countries. In Serbia, the largest rivers are transboundary rivers that cross the border already polluted. Taking this into account, evaluation of the distribution characteristics, ecological risk, and sources of toxic elements in river water and surface sediments in the watercourses of the Vlasina watershed is of great significance for the protection of water resources in Serbia. A total of 17 sediment and 18 water samples were collected and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine micro- and macroelements contents. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was applied to determine and classify the magnitude of toxic element pollution in this river sediment. The contents of the studied toxic elements were below water and sediment quality guidelines. For studied river water, results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the difference in behavior of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As and V, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) classified water samples according to As and Cu content. The PCA results revealed that lead in river sediments had different behavior than other elements and can be associated mainly with anthropogenic sources. According to the degree of Igeo, the majority of sediments in the Vlasina region were uncontaminated regarding studied toxic elements. The origin of elements is mostly from natural processes such as soil and rock weathering.",
journal = "Frontiers in Environmental Science",
title = "Supplementary information for the article: Sakan, S.; Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.; Škrivanj, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2022, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858.",
volume = "10",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5503"
}

Sakan, S. M., Mihajlidi-Zelić, A., Škrivanj, S., Frančišković-Bilinski, S.,& Đorđević, D. S.. (2022). Supplementary information for the article: Sakan, S.; Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.; Škrivanj, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2022, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858.. in Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5503

Sakan SM, Mihajlidi-Zelić A, Škrivanj S, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević DS. Supplementary information for the article: Sakan, S.; Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.; Škrivanj, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2022, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858.. in Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2022;10.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5503 .

Sakan, Sanja M., Mihajlidi-Zelić, Aleksandra, Škrivanj, Sandra, Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana S., "Supplementary information for the article: Sakan, S.; Mihajlidi-Zelić, A.; Škrivanj, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D. An Integrated Approach in the Assessment of the Vlasina River System Pollution by Toxic Elements. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2022, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.909858." in Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10 (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_5503 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
AU  - Sakan, Nenad
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra B.
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/10/1411
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4546
AB  - In this manuscript, samples of Kupa River sediments were examined using three different extraction agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of single extraction procedures to investigate the bioavailability and mobility of major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Si, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn) from river sediment. Two forms of studied elements were evaluated: mobile, the most toxic element form (extraction with 1 M CH3COONH4 and 0.01 M CaCl2) and potentially mobilized form (2 M HNO3 extraction). The estimation of the ecological risk, with the application of the probability distribution of RI (potential ecological risk index) values, is yielded with the help of the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Ammonium acetate is proved to be a better extraction agent than calcium chloride. A positive correlation between the content of all extracted elements with nitric acid and the total element content indicates that 2 M HNO3 efficiently extracts all studied elements. Results showed anthropogenic sources of cadmium and copper and high barium mobility. The MCS suggests that risk of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn was low; As and Cd posed a lower and median ecological risk in the studied areas.
T2  - Water
T1  - Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk
VL  - 13
IS  - 10
SP  - 1411
DO  - 10.3390/w13101411
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sakan, Sanja M. and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana S. and Popović, Aleksandar R. and Sakan, Nenad and Škrivanj, Sandra B. and Bilinski, Halka",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In this manuscript, samples of Kupa River sediments were examined using three different extraction agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of single extraction procedures to investigate the bioavailability and mobility of major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Si, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn) from river sediment. Two forms of studied elements were evaluated: mobile, the most toxic element form (extraction with 1 M CH3COONH4 and 0.01 M CaCl2) and potentially mobilized form (2 M HNO3 extraction). The estimation of the ecological risk, with the application of the probability distribution of RI (potential ecological risk index) values, is yielded with the help of the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Ammonium acetate is proved to be a better extraction agent than calcium chloride. A positive correlation between the content of all extracted elements with nitric acid and the total element content indicates that 2 M HNO3 efficiently extracts all studied elements. Results showed anthropogenic sources of cadmium and copper and high barium mobility. The MCS suggests that risk of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn was low; As and Cd posed a lower and median ecological risk in the studied areas.",
journal = "Water",
title = "Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk",
volume = "13",
number = "10",
pages = "1411",
doi = "10.3390/w13101411"
}

Sakan, S. M., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Đorđević, D. S., Popović, A. R., Sakan, N., Škrivanj, S. B.,& Bilinski, H.. (2021). Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. in Water, 13(10), 1411.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411

Sakan SM, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević DS, Popović AR, Sakan N, Škrivanj SB, Bilinski H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. in Water. 2021;13(10):1411.
doi:10.3390/w13101411 .

Sakan, Sanja M., Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana S., Popović, Aleksandar R., Sakan, Nenad, Škrivanj, Sandra B., Bilinski, Halka, "Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk" in Water, 13, no. 10 (2021):1411,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411 . .

TY  - DATA
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
AU  - Sakan, Nenad
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra B.
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4547
T2  - Water
T1  - Supplementary data for the article: Sakan, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D.; Popović, A.; Sakan, N.; Škrivanj, S.; Bilinski, H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. Water 2021, 13 (10), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411.
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_4547
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Sakan, Sanja M. and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana S. and Popović, Aleksandar R. and Sakan, Nenad and Škrivanj, Sandra B. and Bilinski, Halka",
year = "2021",
journal = "Water",
title = "Supplementary data for the article: Sakan, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D.; Popović, A.; Sakan, N.; Škrivanj, S.; Bilinski, H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. Water 2021, 13 (10), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411.",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_4547"
}

Sakan, S. M., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Đorđević, D. S., Popović, A. R., Sakan, N., Škrivanj, S. B.,& Bilinski, H.. (2021). Supplementary data for the article: Sakan, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D.; Popović, A.; Sakan, N.; Škrivanj, S.; Bilinski, H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. Water 2021, 13 (10), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411.. in Water.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_4547

Sakan SM, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević DS, Popović AR, Sakan N, Škrivanj SB, Bilinski H. Supplementary data for the article: Sakan, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D.; Popović, A.; Sakan, N.; Škrivanj, S.; Bilinski, H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. Water 2021, 13 (10), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411.. in Water. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_4547 .

Sakan, Sanja M., Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana S., Popović, Aleksandar R., Sakan, Nenad, Škrivanj, Sandra B., Bilinski, Halka, "Supplementary data for the article: Sakan, S.; Frančišković-Bilinski, S.; Đorđević, D.; Popović, A.; Sakan, N.; Škrivanj, S.; Bilinski, H. Evaluation of Element Mobility in River Sediment Using Different Single Extraction Procedures and Assessment of Probabilistic Ecological Risk. Water 2021, 13 (10), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101411." in Water (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_cherry_4547 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
AU  - Škrivanj, Sandra B.
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4038
AB  - This study investigated the quality of Kupa River sediment using sequential extraction, ecological risk, and contamination indexes (Risk assessment code, Index of geoaccumulation, Enrichment factor, Ecological risk factor, Ecological risk index), determination of magnetic susceptibility of sediments, and statistical methods. The BCR sequential extraction technique was used for evaluating various element-binding forms. Most of the elements were considered to be immobile due to the high availability in the residual fraction. Lead was present mainly in the reducible fraction, while more easily mobile and bioavailable forms were predominant for cadmium and barium. Sediment samples from the river catchment exhibited low ecological risk. The most toxic element, Cd, is the main contributor to the total potentially ecological risk. Increased values of contamination factors have been observed for Zn, Cr, and Ba in some localities. Results of the comparison of element contents in sediments in a 15-year period (2018 vs. 2003) indicated that the situation with toxic element content in sediments along Kupa River improved formost of its course. Unfortunately, on the lower course of the river, the situation has worsened. Using the example of Kupa River sediments, it was shown that the magnetic susceptibility method is excellent indetecting increased values of Cr.
PB  - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
T2  - Water
T1  - Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
SP  - 2024
DO  - 10.3390/w12072024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sakan, Sanja M. and Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Đorđević, Dragana S. and Popović, Aleksandar R. and Škrivanj, Sandra B. and Bilinski, Halka",
year = "2020",
abstract = "This study investigated the quality of Kupa River sediment using sequential extraction, ecological risk, and contamination indexes (Risk assessment code, Index of geoaccumulation, Enrichment factor, Ecological risk factor, Ecological risk index), determination of magnetic susceptibility of sediments, and statistical methods. The BCR sequential extraction technique was used for evaluating various element-binding forms. Most of the elements were considered to be immobile due to the high availability in the residual fraction. Lead was present mainly in the reducible fraction, while more easily mobile and bioavailable forms were predominant for cadmium and barium. Sediment samples from the river catchment exhibited low ecological risk. The most toxic element, Cd, is the main contributor to the total potentially ecological risk. Increased values of contamination factors have been observed for Zn, Cr, and Ba in some localities. Results of the comparison of element contents in sediments in a 15-year period (2018 vs. 2003) indicated that the situation with toxic element content in sediments along Kupa River improved formost of its course. Unfortunately, on the lower course of the river, the situation has worsened. Using the example of Kupa River sediments, it was shown that the magnetic susceptibility method is excellent indetecting increased values of Cr.",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
journal = "Water",
title = "Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia",
volume = "12",
number = "7",
pages = "2024",
doi = "10.3390/w12072024"
}

Sakan, S. M., Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Đorđević, D. S., Popović, A. R., Škrivanj, S. B.,& Bilinski, H.. (2020). Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia. in Water
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)., 12(7), 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12072024

Sakan SM, Frančišković-Bilinski S, Đorđević DS, Popović AR, Škrivanj SB, Bilinski H. Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia. in Water. 2020;12(7):2024.
doi:10.3390/w12072024 .

Sakan, Sanja M., Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Đorđević, Dragana S., Popović, Aleksandar R., Škrivanj, Sandra B., Bilinski, Halka, "Geochemical Fractionation and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments from Kupa River, Croatia" in Water, 12, no. 7 (2020):2024,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w12072024 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav
AU  - Bilinski, Halka
AU  - Sakan, Sanja M.
AU  - Đorđević, Dragana S.
AU  - Popović, Aleksandar R.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3723
AB  - The Kupa River, located in the west-central part of Croatia, is a 294 km long tributary of the Sava River, belonging to the Danube watershed. An extreme barium anomaly in sediments of Kupica and Kupa rivers was discovered during 2003 by Frančišković-Bilinski. It originates from an abundant barite mine in Homer-Lokve area, from where it penetrated to Kupica River source. From there the Ba-anomaly in sediments was followed more than 120 km downstream along both rivers. This discovery has a big potential to be used in future sediment transport studies in rivers. Therefore, we repeated sampling on most important locations in 2018, exactly 15 years since the anomaly discovery. The sequential extraction procedure of the EC Bureau of Reference was applied to investigate the transport and fractionation of Ba. During mentioned period of 15 years following processes related with Ba-distribution were observed in fraction <63 µm: Ba-concentrations decreased more than 10 times in Kupica River, from 5790 to 385 mg/kg at Brod na Kupi and 473 mg/kg at Iševnica near the Kupica source. Also, at the first location in Kupa River after confluence with Kupica Ba-concentration decreased from 1070 to 429 mg/kg. This significant decrease is a consequence of abandoning of barite mine in 1994, after which self-purification process of Kupica and Kupa river sediments gradually started. Large quantities of Ba gradually shifted more downstream and in the middle course of the river Ba-deposition in sediments is still going on. At location Jurovo in the middle course of the river concentrations remained about the same in both years, while in Ozalj several km downstream concentration moderately decreased from 341 to 241 mg/kg. Very important finding is that Ba-anomaly in the time frame of 15 years arrived at least 50 km more downstream. Namely, in 2003 at location Pokupsko in the lower course of Kupa River, Ba-concentration was only 78.4 mg/kg, what is about the background level for this region. In 2018 Ba-concentrations significantly increased to 209 mg/kg. At the far end of the river course in Sisak, Ba-anomaly has not yet been observed - concentrations of Ba remained almost the same (65 mg/kg in 2003 and 63.8 mg/kg in 2018). From analysis of coarser sediment fraction 63-2000 µm can be concluded that barium is bound with fine particles. Results of sequential analysis showed that Ba was extracted in the following order for < 63 µm sediment fraction: reducible > residual > soluble in acid > oxidizable, while for 63-2000 µm sediment fraction: reducible > soluble in acid > residual > oxidizable. The highest Ba-content was found in reducible fraction, what indicated that Fe and Mn minerals acted as natural accumulators for Ba in investigated sediments. This association indicated that Ba was potentially extractable. It could have been mobilized from the sediment into the aquatic environment due to decomposition of Fe and Mn oxides under slightly reducing conditions.
PB  - International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference
C3  - 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019
T1  - Changes of ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction
VL  - 19
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
DO  - 10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav and Bilinski, Halka and Sakan, Sanja M. and Đorđević, Dragana S. and Popović, Aleksandar R.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The Kupa River, located in the west-central part of Croatia, is a 294 km long tributary of the Sava River, belonging to the Danube watershed. An extreme barium anomaly in sediments of Kupica and Kupa rivers was discovered during 2003 by Frančišković-Bilinski. It originates from an abundant barite mine in Homer-Lokve area, from where it penetrated to Kupica River source. From there the Ba-anomaly in sediments was followed more than 120 km downstream along both rivers. This discovery has a big potential to be used in future sediment transport studies in rivers. Therefore, we repeated sampling on most important locations in 2018, exactly 15 years since the anomaly discovery. The sequential extraction procedure of the EC Bureau of Reference was applied to investigate the transport and fractionation of Ba. During mentioned period of 15 years following processes related with Ba-distribution were observed in fraction <63 µm: Ba-concentrations decreased more than 10 times in Kupica River, from 5790 to 385 mg/kg at Brod na Kupi and 473 mg/kg at Iševnica near the Kupica source. Also, at the first location in Kupa River after confluence with Kupica Ba-concentration decreased from 1070 to 429 mg/kg. This significant decrease is a consequence of abandoning of barite mine in 1994, after which self-purification process of Kupica and Kupa river sediments gradually started. Large quantities of Ba gradually shifted more downstream and in the middle course of the river Ba-deposition in sediments is still going on. At location Jurovo in the middle course of the river concentrations remained about the same in both years, while in Ozalj several km downstream concentration moderately decreased from 341 to 241 mg/kg. Very important finding is that Ba-anomaly in the time frame of 15 years arrived at least 50 km more downstream. Namely, in 2003 at location Pokupsko in the lower course of Kupa River, Ba-concentration was only 78.4 mg/kg, what is about the background level for this region. In 2018 Ba-concentrations significantly increased to 209 mg/kg. At the far end of the river course in Sisak, Ba-anomaly has not yet been observed - concentrations of Ba remained almost the same (65 mg/kg in 2003 and 63.8 mg/kg in 2018). From analysis of coarser sediment fraction 63-2000 µm can be concluded that barium is bound with fine particles. Results of sequential analysis showed that Ba was extracted in the following order for < 63 µm sediment fraction: reducible > residual > soluble in acid > oxidizable, while for 63-2000 µm sediment fraction: reducible > soluble in acid > residual > oxidizable. The highest Ba-content was found in reducible fraction, what indicated that Fe and Mn minerals acted as natural accumulators for Ba in investigated sediments. This association indicated that Ba was potentially extractable. It could have been mobilized from the sediment into the aquatic environment due to decomposition of Fe and Mn oxides under slightly reducing conditions.",
publisher = "International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference",
journal = "19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019",
title = "Changes of ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction",
volume = "19",
pages = "73-80",
doi = "10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010"
}

Frančišković-Bilinski, S., Bilinski, H., Sakan, S. M., Đorđević, D. S.,& Popović, A. R.. (2019). Changes of ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction. in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019
International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference., 19, 73-80.
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010

Frančišković-Bilinski S, Bilinski H, Sakan SM, Đorđević DS, Popović AR. Changes of ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction. in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019. 2019;19:73-80.
doi:10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010 .

Frančišković-Bilinski, Stanislav, Bilinski, Halka, Sakan, Sanja M., Đorđević, Dragana S., Popović, Aleksandar R., "Changes of ba contents in sediments of Kupa river (Croatia) 15 years after discovery of ba anomaly complemented by sequential extraction" in 19th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, SGEM 2019; Albena; Bulgaria; 30 June 2019 through 6 July 2019, 19 (2019):73-80,
https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.1/S12.010 . .