TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mijevic, Cedo
AU  - Nikolić, Milan
AU  - Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra
AU  - Jones, David R.
AU  - Niketić, Vesna
AU  - Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica
AU  - Spasić, Mihajlo B.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1059
AB  - Objective: Despite clozapine's unique effectiveness in patients with schizophrenia, a number of adverse effects have been recognised including abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolisms. A high clozapine level in red blood cells (RBCs) and disturbed anti-oxidant enzyme activities in blood from schizophrenic patients prompted us to investigate lipid status and anti-oxidant enzyme defence in the blood of chronic schizophrenic patients on long-term clozapine therapy. Methods: Plasma lipids, RBC anti-oxidant enzyme activities and haemoglobin (Hb) content were measured using established procedures in a group of eighteen chronically-medicated (average 630 days of therapy) schizophrenic patients receiving clozapine (average dose of 295 mg/day) and data were compared with those from a group of eighteen well-matched normal controls. Results: Significantly higher levels of plasma triglycerides (by 47%, p lt 0.01) and total cholesterol and phospholipids (by 8% and 11%, respectively p lt 0.05) in patients were found. CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity was markedly higher (by 35%, p lt 0.001) while selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px1) activity was markedly lower (by 41%, p lt 0.001) in patients. In addition, metHb and HbA1c levels in patients were significantly higher (by 58% and 25%. respectively p lt 0.001). SOD1 activity was negatively correlated (p lt 0.001) to GSH-Px1 activity in patients. Conclusions:The findings support the view that ongoing oxidative stress may be a mechanism by which clozapine induces some adverse effects that increase the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. If valid, this would indicate that in parallel with long-term clozapine treatment, schizophrenic patients could be encouraged to make some lifestyle changes to limit the detrimental effects of the medication. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PB  - Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
T1  - Lipid status, anti-oxidant enzyme defence and haemoglobin content in the blood of long-term clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SP  - 303
EP  - 307
DO  - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mijevic, Cedo and Nikolić, Milan and Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra and Jones, David R. and Niketić, Vesna and Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica and Spasić, Mihajlo B.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Objective: Despite clozapine's unique effectiveness in patients with schizophrenia, a number of adverse effects have been recognised including abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolisms. A high clozapine level in red blood cells (RBCs) and disturbed anti-oxidant enzyme activities in blood from schizophrenic patients prompted us to investigate lipid status and anti-oxidant enzyme defence in the blood of chronic schizophrenic patients on long-term clozapine therapy. Methods: Plasma lipids, RBC anti-oxidant enzyme activities and haemoglobin (Hb) content were measured using established procedures in a group of eighteen chronically-medicated (average 630 days of therapy) schizophrenic patients receiving clozapine (average dose of 295 mg/day) and data were compared with those from a group of eighteen well-matched normal controls. Results: Significantly higher levels of plasma triglycerides (by 47%, p lt 0.01) and total cholesterol and phospholipids (by 8% and 11%, respectively p lt 0.05) in patients were found. CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity was markedly higher (by 35%, p lt 0.001) while selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px1) activity was markedly lower (by 41%, p lt 0.001) in patients. In addition, metHb and HbA1c levels in patients were significantly higher (by 58% and 25%. respectively p lt 0.001). SOD1 activity was negatively correlated (p lt 0.001) to GSH-Px1 activity in patients. Conclusions:The findings support the view that ongoing oxidative stress may be a mechanism by which clozapine induces some adverse effects that increase the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. If valid, this would indicate that in parallel with long-term clozapine treatment, schizophrenic patients could be encouraged to make some lifestyle changes to limit the detrimental effects of the medication. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
publisher = "Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry",
title = "Lipid status, anti-oxidant enzyme defence and haemoglobin content in the blood of long-term clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients",
volume = "34",
number = "2",
pages = "303-307",
doi = "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.024"
}

Mijevic, C., Nikolić, M., Nikolić-Kokić, A., Jones, D. R., Niketić, V., Lecic-Tosevski, D.,& Spasić, M. B.. (2010). Lipid status, anti-oxidant enzyme defence and haemoglobin content in the blood of long-term clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients. in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford., 34(2), 303-307.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.024

Mijevic C, Nikolić M, Nikolić-Kokić A, Jones DR, Niketić V, Lecic-Tosevski D, Spasić MB. Lipid status, anti-oxidant enzyme defence and haemoglobin content in the blood of long-term clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients. in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2010;34(2):303-307.
doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.024 .

Mijevic, Cedo, Nikolić, Milan, Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra, Jones, David R., Niketić, Vesna, Lecic-Tosevski, Dusica, Spasić, Mihajlo B., "Lipid status, anti-oxidant enzyme defence and haemoglobin content in the blood of long-term clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients" in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 34, no. 2 (2010):303-307,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.024 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Milan
AU  - Vranić, Danijela
AU  - Spiric, Aurelija
AU  - Batas, Valentina
AU  - Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra
AU  - Radetic, Petar
AU  - Turubatovic, Lazar
AU  - Blagojević, Duško P.
AU  - Jones, David R.
AU  - Niketić, Vesna
AU  - Spasić, Mihajlo B.
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/797
AB  - The concept of an anti-oxidant defence system as a means to prevent oxidative cell damage implies balanced activities of anti-oxidant defence enzymes. As well as positive correlations between anti-oxidant enzyme activities in human erythrocytes, it has been observed that sometimes when glutathione peroxidase activity is increased, CuZn-superoxide dismutase activity is decreased. In our current study we have examined the plasma lipid profile and the anti-oxidant defence enzymes in erythrocytes from humans, pigs, and bulls. We found that a negative correlation existed between CuZn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in human erythrocytes when the concentrations of both plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol were high. This correlation was also found in pig erythrocytes, but not in bull erythrocytes. We propose that cholesterol could affect membrane lipid peroxiclation and superoxide generation in erythrocytes via the recently found fraction of cholesterol bound to haemoglobin, termed haemoglobin-cholesterol. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PB  - Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego
T2  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
T1  - Could cholesterol bound to haemoglobin be a missing link for the occasional inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities?
VL  - 348
IS  - 1
SP  - 265
EP  - 270
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.199
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Milan and Vranić, Danijela and Spiric, Aurelija and Batas, Valentina and Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra and Radetic, Petar and Turubatovic, Lazar and Blagojević, Duško P. and Jones, David R. and Niketić, Vesna and Spasić, Mihajlo B.",
year = "2006",
abstract = "The concept of an anti-oxidant defence system as a means to prevent oxidative cell damage implies balanced activities of anti-oxidant defence enzymes. As well as positive correlations between anti-oxidant enzyme activities in human erythrocytes, it has been observed that sometimes when glutathione peroxidase activity is increased, CuZn-superoxide dismutase activity is decreased. In our current study we have examined the plasma lipid profile and the anti-oxidant defence enzymes in erythrocytes from humans, pigs, and bulls. We found that a negative correlation existed between CuZn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in human erythrocytes when the concentrations of both plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol were high. This correlation was also found in pig erythrocytes, but not in bull erythrocytes. We propose that cholesterol could affect membrane lipid peroxiclation and superoxide generation in erythrocytes via the recently found fraction of cholesterol bound to haemoglobin, termed haemoglobin-cholesterol. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego",
journal = "Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications",
title = "Could cholesterol bound to haemoglobin be a missing link for the occasional inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities?",
volume = "348",
number = "1",
pages = "265-270",
doi = "10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.199"
}

Nikolić, M., Vranić, D., Spiric, A., Batas, V., Nikolić-Kokić, A., Radetic, P., Turubatovic, L., Blagojević, D. P., Jones, D. R., Niketić, V.,& Spasić, M. B.. (2006). Could cholesterol bound to haemoglobin be a missing link for the occasional inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities?. in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego., 348(1), 265-270.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.199

Nikolić M, Vranić D, Spiric A, Batas V, Nikolić-Kokić A, Radetic P, Turubatovic L, Blagojević DP, Jones DR, Niketić V, Spasić MB. Could cholesterol bound to haemoglobin be a missing link for the occasional inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities?. in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2006;348(1):265-270.
doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.199 .

Nikolić, Milan, Vranić, Danijela, Spiric, Aurelija, Batas, Valentina, Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra, Radetic, Petar, Turubatovic, Lazar, Blagojević, Duško P., Jones, David R., Niketić, Vesna, Spasić, Mihajlo B., "Could cholesterol bound to haemoglobin be a missing link for the occasional inverse relationship between superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities?" in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 348, no. 1 (2006):265-270,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.199 . .